Bouillon Castle

Perched on a massive rock (340m x 40m), Bouillon Castle towers over the city. It is closely tied to Godfrey of Bouillon, leader of the First Crusade (1096–1099).

The Ardenne-Verdun family began building it in the 10th century, recognizing the strategic importance of the site. It served as a military fortress on the route from Reims (via Liège) to Aachen, defending the southern part of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège. This military function lasted even after the 1830 Belgian Revolution.

The structure was frequently altered to adapt to changing warfare, yet many original features remain. The “Ducal Palace” once included a keep and two towers but has since disappeared. However, the underground passages remain in excellent condition.

What visitors see today dates largely from the 16th century and the time of Vauban (1633–1707), who added significant fortifications. The dominant Austrian Tower dates from 1551. Since 1853, the castle has had a touristic function.